Genome-wide identification of GSK gene family in Senna tora L. and expression analyses / 药学学报

Glycogen synthase kinase 3/SHAGGY-like kinase (GSK3) proteins play important roles in regulating plant growth, development, and stress response. In order to reveal the characteristics of GSK family members in the medicinal plant Senna tora L., in this study, we conducted the identification and expression analyses of GSKs in S. tora based on its whole genome data, combined with bioinformatics and gene expression research methods. The results showed that a total of nine S. tora GSK genes were identified, all of which contained the GSK characteristic kinase domains. All members were distributed on six chromosomes, the encoding amino acid length ranged from 465 to 943 aa, the protein molecular weight was from 33.57 to 88.83 kDa, and the average isoelectric point was 8.2. The StoSKs were divided into four evolutionary branches, and the StoSKs in the same evolutionary branch shared the same exon/intron structure and conserved motifs. The expansion of the StoSKs gene family was mainly due to segment duplication events, and there were 17, 11, 8 and 7 pairs of collinear genes with Glycine max, Medicago truncatula, Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa, respectively. The promoter regions of StoSKs mostly contained responses elements related to stress stimulation, growth and development, and hormone induction. Transcriptome data analysis showed that StoSKs were expressed in different tissues, with the highest expression level in roots. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis indicated that StoSKs in different evolutionary branches displayed a synergistic expression pattern response to light, and most of StoSKs could rapidly respond to NaCl stress with significantly up-regulated expression. All the results provide a basis for further analysis of the biological functions of the GSKs gene family in S. tora.

Latest incidence and electrocardiographic predictors of atrial fibrillation: a prospective study from China / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#China bears the biggest atrial fibrillation (AF) burden in the world. However, little is known about the incidence and predictors of AF. This study aimed to investigate the current incidence of AF and its electrocardiographic (ECG) predictors in general community individuals aged over 60 years in China.@*METHODS@#This was a prospective cohort study, recruiting subjects who were aged over 60 years and underwent annual health checkups from April to July 2015 in four community health centers in Songjiang District, Shanghai, China. The subjects were then followed up from 2015 to 2019 annually. Data on sociodemographic characteristics, medical history, and the resting 12-lead ECG were collected. Kaplan-Meier curve was used for showing the trends in AF incidence and calculating the predictors of AF. Associations of ECG abnormalities and AF incidence were examined using Cox proportional hazard models.@*RESULTS@#This study recruited 18,738 subjects, and 351 (1.87%) developed AF. The overall incidence rate of AF was 5.2/1000 person-years during an observation period of 67,704 person-years. Multivariable Cox regression analysis indicated age (hazard ratio [HR], 1.07; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.06-1.09; P < 0.001), male (HR, 1.30; 95% CI: 1.05-1.62; P = 0.018), a history of hypertension (HR, 1.55; 95% CI: 1.23-1.95; P < 0.001), a history of cardiac diseases (HR, 3.23; 95% CI: 2.34-4.45; P < 0.001), atrial premature complex (APC) (HR, 2.82; 95% CI: 2.17-3.68; P < 0.001), atrial flutter (HR, 18.68; 95% CI: 7.37-47.31; P < 0.001), junctional premature complex (JPC) (HR, 3.57; 95% CI: 1.59-8.02; P = 0.002), junctional rhythm (HR, 18.24; 95% CI: 5.83-57.07; P < 0.001), ventricular premature complex (VPC) (HR, 1.76; 95% CI: 1.13-2.75, P = 0.012), short PR interval (HR, 5.49; 95% CI: 1.36-22.19; P = 0.017), right atrial enlargement (HR, 6.22; 95% CI: 1.54-25.14; P = 0.010), and pacing rhythm (HR, 3.99; 95% CI: 1.57-10.14; P = 0.004) were independently associated with the incidence of AF.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The present incidence of AF was 5.2/1000 person-years in the studied population aged over 60 years in China. Among various ECG abnormalities, only APC, atrial flutter, JPC, junctional rhythm, short PR interval, VPC, right atrial enlargement, and pacing rhythm were independently associated with AF incidence.

Relationship between physical exercise and smoking behavior of adolescents aged 16-18 / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To explore the relationship between physical exercise and smoking behavior in adolescents aged 16-18,and to provide reference for promoting tobacco control among teenagers.@*Methods@#A total of 1 057 adolescents who took part in the 2018 China Family Panel Studies (CFPS 2018) were investigated for smoking and physical exercise. The Chi square test, Mann Whitney U test, Pearson correlation analysis and Logistic regression analysis were performed to explore the relationship between adolescent physical exercise and smoking behavior.@*Results@#There were 104 (9.8%) smokers among the adolescents. The age at starting smoking was (14.21±2.68) years old and the age of quitting smoking was (14.41±2.72) years old. Age ( χ 2=7.23), gender ( χ 2=83.01), school status ( χ 2=107.12), physical exercise ( Z =-2.20), subjective well being ( Z =-2.20) and life satisfaction ( Z =-2.93) were associated with adolescent smoking( P <0.05). Physical exercise was negatively correlated with adolescent smoking ( OR =0.92, P =0.03). After controlling demographic and psychosocial and cognitive variables, the negative correlation was not statistically significant ( OR =0.93, P =0.08). Further analysis showed that physical exercise was negatively correlated with boys smoking ( OR=0.91, P =0.04), but it was not statistically correlated with girls smoking ( OR=1.12, P =0.20).@*Conclusion@#Physical exercise is associated with lower rate of smoking among adolescents aged 16-18, but no similar association is found in girls.The findings warrants further longitudinal study.

A comparative analysis of the distribution of the high-risk population of upper gastrointestinal cancer and endoscopic screening compliance in two urban areas and two rural areas in China / 中华肿瘤杂志

Objective: To analyze and compare the distribution of the high-risk population of upper gastrointestinal (UGI) cancer and the factors influencing the compliance rate of endoscopic screening in urban China and rural China. Methods: From 2015 to 2017, an epidemiological survey was conducted on residents aged 40-69 in two rural areas (Luoshan county of Henan province, Sheyang county of Jiangsu province) and two urban areas (Changsha city of Hunan province, Harbin city of Heilongjiang province). As a result, high-risk individuals were recommended for endoscopic screening. Chi-square χ(2) test was used to compare the high-risk rate of UGI cancer between urban and rural residents. In addition, the multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the factors influencing the compliance rate of endoscopic screening. Results: A total of 48, 310 residents aged 40-69 were enrolled in this study, including 22 870 (47.34%) residents from rural areas and 25 440 (52.66%) residents from urban areas. A total of 23 532 individuals were assessed with a high risk of UGI cancer, with an overall risk rate of 48.71%. A higher proportion of participants with high risk was observed in rural China (56.17%, 12 845/22 870) than in urban China (42.01%, 10 687/25 440). A total of 10 971 high-risk individuals with UGI cancer participated in endoscopic screening, with an overall compliance rate of 46.62% (10 971/23 532), 45.15% (5 799/12 845) in rural China, and 48.40% (5 172/10 687) in urban China. In rural population, the compliance rate of endoscopic screening was higher in those of females, aged 50-69 years, primary school education or above, high income, a family history of UGI cancer, history of gastric and duodenal ulcer, history of reflux esophagitis, and history of superficial gastritis, but lower in smokers (P<0.05). Among the urban population, the compliance rate of endoscopic screening was higher in those aged 40-49 years, uneducated, low income, family history of UGI cancer, history of reflux esophagitis, history of superficial gastritis, but lower in smokers (P<0.05). Conclusions: The proportion of participants with high risk of UGI cancer in rural areas is higher than that of urban areas. The compliance rates of endoscopic screening in urban and rural areas are low, and influencing factors of endoscopic screening exhibit some differences in rural China and urban China.

Bioinformatics Analysis on Key Genes and Immune Infiltration of Osteosarcoma / 中国医学科学院学报

Objective To screen the potential key genes of osteosarcoma by bioinformatics methods and analyze their immune infiltration patterns. Methods The gene expression profiles GSE16088 and GSE12865 associated with osteosarcoma were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO),and the differentially expressed genes(DEGs)related to osteosarcoma were screened by bioinformatics tools.Gene Ontology(GO)annotation,Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway enrichment,and analysis of immune cell infiltration were then carried out for the DEGs.The potential Hub genes of osteosarcoma were identified by protein-protein interaction network,and the expression of Hub genes in osteosarcoma and normal tissue samples was verified via the Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA). Results A total of 108 DEGs were screened out.GO annotation and KEGG pathway enrichment revealed that the DEGs were mainly involved in integrin binding,extracellular matrix (ECM) structural components,ECM receptor interactions,and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B(PI3K/Akt)signaling pathway.Macrophages were the predominant infiltrating immune cells in osteosarcoma.Secreted phosphoprotein 1(SPP1),matrix metallopeptidase 2(MMP2),lysyl oxidase(LOX),collagen type V alpha(II)chain(COL5A2),and melanoma cell adhesion molecule(MCAM)presented differential expression between osteosarcoma and normal tissue samples(all P<0.05). Conclusions SPP1,MMP2,LOX,COL5A2,and MCAM are all up-regulated in osteosarcoma,which may serve as potential biomarkers of osteosarcoma.Macrophages are the key infiltrating immune cells in osteosarcoma,which may provide new perspectives for the treatment of osteosarcoma.

Impact and related mechanisms of glucose fluctuations on aortic fibrosis in type 1 diabetic rats / 中华心血管病杂志

Objective: To investigate the impact and related mechanisms of glucose fluctuations on aortic fibrosis in rats with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Methods: After injection of streptozotocin (STZ), male Sprague Dawley (SD) (8-12 weeks) rats (n=24) were randomly divided into three groups in accordance with the random number table: controlled STZ-induced diabetes (C-STZ) group (n=8); uncontrolled STZ-induced diabetes (U-STZ) group (n=8); STZ-induced diabetes with glucose fluctuations (STZ-GF) group (n=8). After three weeks, rats were sacrificed and aorta was obtained, aortic fibrosis was detected by Masson trichrome staining. The expression of collagen type 1 (collagen Ⅰ) was tested by immunofluorescence. The expression of runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) was tested by immunohistochemistry. The mRNA levels of collagen Ⅰ and Runx2 were detected by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The protein expressions of collagen Ⅰ, Runx2 and nuclear factor (NF)-κB were determined by Western blot. Primary rat aortic smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) were cultured in three conditions: normal glucose (NG), high glucose (HG) and glucose fluctuations (GF). Cells in GF group were incubated for 72 hours with glucose alternating between 5.5 and 25 mmol/L every 12 hours. TPCA-1, the inhibitor of NF-κB, the expression of collagenⅠin different groups of cells was tested by immunofluorescence. The protein expressions of collagen Ⅰ, Runx2 and NF-κB were also determined by Western blot. Results: (1) The quantitative ratios of the area of fibrosis in the C-STZ group, U-STZ group, STZ-GF group were (8.42±0.10)%, (21.30±0.74)% and (44.39±1.09)% (P<0.05), respectively. The means of integral optical density (IOD) of collagenⅠ in the three groups were 11.92±0.88, 50.04±3.56 and 77.52±2.69, respectively (P<0.05). The mRNA levels of collagenⅠ in the three groups were 1.00±0.10, 2.02±0.28 and 2.83±0.33, respectively (P<0.05). The protein expressions of collagenⅠ in the three groups were 1.05±0.03, 2.06±0.32 and 4.93±0.25, respectively (P<0.05). (2) The average IOD of Runx2 in the three groups were 150.00±7.35, 204.84±2.32 and 391.48±7.13, respectively (P<0.05). The mRNA levels of Runx2 in the three groups were 1.02±0.02, 1.27±0.04 and 2.18±0.12, respectively (P<0.05). The protein expressions of Runx2 in the three groups were 1.03±0.01, 2.34±0.36 and 4.52±0.75, respectively (P<0.05). (3) The protein expressions of NF-κB in the three groups were 1.02±0.01, 1.96±0.13 and 2.64±0.21, respectively (P<0.05). (4) In vitro, application of inhibitor of NF-κB reversed glucose fluctuations-induced upregulation of protein levels of Col Ⅰ and Runx2 (P<0.05). Conclusion: Glucose fluctuations could aggravate aortic fibrosis through activating Runx2 via NF-κB signaling pathways.

Grey Correlation Analysis on Rate of Embryo, Endogenous Hormone and Enzyme Activity of Acanthopanax senticosus Seeds / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective::To study the correlation between endogenous hormone content, related enzyme activity and embryogenesis during the stratification of Acanthopanax senticosus seeds, and to provide theoretical basis for application of endogenous hormones and related physiological indicators in regulating germination of A. senticosus seeds in production and scientific research. Method::Endophytic fungi as well as different concentrations of nitric oxide and hydrogen peroxide solution were used for soaking the seeds of A. senticosus, and then thermophilic stratification was conducted for the seeds. The content of endogenous hormones such as gibberellin (GA3), abscisic acid (ABA), indole acetic acid (IAA), indole butyric acid (IBA) and salicylic acid (SA) in seeds of A. senticosus were tested by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and the activity change of enzymes in vivo such as catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were tested. The correlation between the embryo rate and the hormones and their enzyme activities in the seeds of A. senticosus was studied by the grey correlation method. Result::The embryo rate was significantly positively correlated with IAA, GA3, and CAT, with correlation coefficient of 1.086, 0.935 and 1.067, respectively. There was a significant positive correlation between IAA, GA3, CAT, IBA, and SA, but with a significant negative correlation with ABA, MDA, and POD. The correlation degree was as follows: IAA>CAT>GA3>IBA>SA>SOD>ABA>POD>MDA. Conclusion::IAA, GA3 and CAT have significant promoting effects on embryo rate, and there is a significant correlation between hormone content and enzyme activity, which provides a basis for exploring the seed germination mechanism of A. senticosus.

Correlation between long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) H19 expression and trastuzumab resistance in breast cancer

Introduction: Trastuzumab resistance is a major obstacle encountered in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer therapy. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been confirmed to play important roles in both tumorigenesis and tumor development. However, whether lncRNAs are associated with trastuzumab resistance is not yet clear. Subjects and Methods: We evaluated trastuzumab sensitivity in breast cancer cell lines, SKBR3, HCC1954, and MDA-MB-231. We also evaluated H19 expression in these cell lines after treatment with different trastuzumab concentrations. Besides, H19 was downregulated to investigate its role in cell viability and trastuzumab sensitivity and a trastuzumab resistance cell line was cultured to verify the effect of H19 in trastuzumab resistance. Forty-eight HER2-positive breast cancer patients treated with trastuzumab in the first-line setting were selected retrospectively to explore the relationship between H19 expression and tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage as well as trastuzumab resistance. Results: H19 is a trastuzumab-responsive lncRNA and its expression was upregulated in a trastuzumab-resistant breast cancer cell. Downregulation of H19 restored the sensitivity of trastuzumab-resistant cells to this drug. The expression of H19 significantly correlated with TNM stage. Patients with higher expression of H19 showed an evidently shorter progression-free survival than those with low H19 expression. H19 overexpression was negatively correlated to the trastuzumab-therapy response. Conclusions: Our results provide evidence for the H19-mediated regulation of trastuzumab resistance in HER2-positive breast cancer cells. H19 could act as a potential predictive biomarker for HER2-positive breast cancer patients, and downregulation of H19 could reverse trastuzumab resistance and enhance the inhibitory function of this drug

Quality Grading Criteria and Optimize Methods of Acanthopanax senticosus Seedlings / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective: To study the quality of Acanthopanax senticosus seedlings,develop grading standards and optimize the best analytical method. Method: Observing and measuring the plant height,diameter,leaf area,root length,chlorophyll content and other main agronomic traits of A. senticosus seedlings from different habitats(Baoqing,Qitaihe,Dongfanghong,Yilan,Acheng,Raohe Linkou and Yabuli) in each year. K-cluster grading method,principal component evaluation factor K-cluster analysis method,standard deviation method for grading,three classification methods were evaluated with different levels of seedling survival rate as indicators. Result: The direct K-cluster analysis method was used to determine the quality of A. senticosus seedlings as the best method. The seedlings of A. senticosus were divided into 3 grades,among in the first level the seedling height is ≥ 13 cm,the stem diameter is ≥ 0.37 cm,the root length is ≥ 8 cm,the leaf area is ≥ 28 cm2,the chlorophyll content is ≤ 31,the main origin is Baoqing,Qitaihe area. In the second level the seedling height is 8-13 cm,the stem diameter is 0.30-0.37 cm,the root length is 6-8 cm,the leaf area is 13-28 cm2,the chlorophyll content is 31-32,and the main origin is Acheng,Dongfanghong,Raohe area. In the third level the seedling height is 5-8 cm,the stem diameter is 0.26-0.30 cm,the root length is 5-6 cm,the leaf area is 5-13 cm2,the chlorophyll content is 32-38,and the main origin is Yabuli,Yilan and Linkou. Conclusion: In this experiment,the quality grading standards of A. senticosus seedlings were preliminarily established,Baoqing and Qitaihe can be used as a high-quality production area for breeding seeds in the Heilongjiang province.which provided the basis for quality evaluation of A. senticosus seedling planting and artificial cultivation.

Study on fingerprint and gray correlation analysis of Paeoniae Radix Rubra from different habitats / 中草药

Objective: To study the fingerprints of Paeoniae Radix Rubra in different habitats, and determine the content of five chemical components (gallic acid, albiflorin, paeoniflorin, benzoic acid, and benzoyl paeoniflorin) and systematically cluster them. The relationship between origin and content was analyzed by grey correlation degree to provide reference for the quality evaluation of Paeoniae Radix Rubra. Methods: Fingerprints of Paeoniae Radix Rubra from 21 different producing areas were constructed by high performance liquid chromatography. The results were classified by principal component analysis and systematic cluster analysis. The gray correlation degree method was used to process the index components and their relative correlations were calculated. Results: HPLC fingerprints of Paeoniae Radix Rubra from 21 habitats were established, 11 common peaks were confirmed, and five of them (gallic acid, albiflorin, paeoniflorin, benzoic acid, and benzoyl paeoniflorin) were identified. The similarity of Paeonia lactiflora was greater than 0.9, and the similarity of Paeonia veitchii was less than 0.9. It was divided into two categories by principal component analysis combined with cluster analysis. The results of grey correlation analysis showed that the relative correlation (ri) was the largest in Gansu, followed by Ganzi in Sichuan. Conclusion: There is a big difference in the relative yield of Paeoniae Radix Rubra in different habitats. This experiment provides a scientific basis for the quality evaluation of Paeoniae Radix Rubra by fingerprint analysis, principal component analysis combined system cluster analysis and grey correlation analysis method.

Effect of Exogenous Nitric Oxide on Plant Hormones and Enzyme Content of Acanthopanax senticosus Seeds / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective: To investigate the effect of exogenous nitric oxide (NO) on breaking the dormancy of Acanthopanax senticosus seeds and the changes in endogenous hormones and enzymes,and provide a basis for breaking the dormancy as well as artificial cultivation of A. senticosus seeds.Method: Different concentrations (1,5,10,20 mmol·L-1) of sodium nitroprusside (NO donor) were used to treat the A. senticosus seeds, and then thermophilic stratification was conducted. The content changes of endogenous hormones such as gibberellin (GA3), abscisic acid (ABA),indolo acetic acid (IAA),indolo butyric acid (IBA) and salicylic acid (SA) at different stratification time (0, 30, 50, 80, 100,130 d) were tested by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The activity change of its in vivo enzymes[catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and malondialdehyde (MDA)] were tested by enzyme-labeled instrument.Result: In the seed germination process of A. senticosus,the contents of GA3,IAA,IBA,and SA were increased gradually,while the content of ABA was reduced gradually. The enzyme activities of POD and MDA were significantly reduced,and the enzyme activities of CAT and SOD were increased obviously. Exogenous NO could increase the seed germination rate and shorten the seed germination time. The effect of 20 mmol·L-1 sodium nitroprusside showed the most obvious effect and 10 mmol·L-1 SNP showed the weakest effect in promoting seed germination,showing an obvious "V" shape for changes.Conclusion: Sodium nitroprusside could promote the seed germination effect of A. senticosus, probably by increasing the content of hormones and enzyme in the stage of seed germination and improving the contents of endogenous NO during germination.

Predictive value of rs2200733 polymorphism for atrial fibrillation recurrence after radiofrequency catheter ablation / 医学研究生学报

Objective The recurrence rate of atrial fibrillation (AF) after radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) remains relatively high. The aim of this study was to investigate the predictive value of rs2200733 polymorphism for AF recurrence after RFCA. Methods Fifty-three AF patients underwent RFCA guided by the magnetic navigation system between July 2015 and September 2016 in Wuxi People’s Hospital. We obtained the baseline data on the patients, conducted genotyping for rs2200733 variants, and followed up the patients for symptoms and complications by electrocardiography (ECG) and dynamic ECG. Using Cox survival analysis, we determined the independent predictors of AF recurrence after RFCA and the sensibility and specificity of predicting AF recurrence at 12 and 24 months post-operatively. Results All the patients were Han Chinese, followed-up for 21.6 ± 9.5 months, and 25 (47.2%) of them experienced AF recurrence at 6.6 ± 5.3 months after RFCA. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed a significant association between rs2200733 polymorphism and AF recurrence in the additive and recessive models (P < 0.001), and multivariate Cox analysis showed the rs2200733 polymorphism (recessive model) to be an independent predictor of post-RFCA AF recurrence (OR = 3.184, 95% CI: 1.378-7.357, P = 0.007). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy of rs2200733 TT in predicting AF recurrence at 12 months were 64%, 81%, 70%, 76% and 74%, and those at 24 months were 60%, 82%, 75%, 70%, and 72%, respectively. Conclusion The rs2200733 polymorphism is an independent predictor of AF recurrence after RFCA, and its high specificity indicates that it could be used as a tool for screening Han Chinese patients with AF for RFCA.

Effects of electrospun collagen nanofibrous matrix on the biological behavior of human dental pulp cells / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To compare cell adhesion, proliferation and odontoblastic differentiation of human dental pulp cells (hDPCs) on electrospun collagen nanofibrous matrix (Col_NFM) with that on collagen flat film (Col-FF), to investigate the biological effect of collagen nanofibrous matrix on hDPCs.@*METHODS@#The surface morphology of the two different collagen scaffold was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the contact angle and the swelling ratio were also measured. Then hDPCs were implanted on the two different collagen scaffolds, the cell morphology was observed using SEM and laser scanning microscope (LSM), and cell proliferation was evaluated by the CCK-8 assay. After hDPCs cultured on the two different collagen scaffold with odontoblastic medium for 14 days, the expression of odontoblastic differentiation related genes was detected by real-time PCR, and alizarin red staining was used to test the formation of mineralized nodules.@*RESULTS@#From the SEM figures, the fibers' diameter of Col_NFM was (884±159) nm, and there were abundant three dimensional connected pore structures between the fibers of Col_NFM, while the surface of Col_FF was completely flat without pore structure. The contact angle at 0 s of Col_NFM was 85.03°±4.45°, and that of Col_FF was 98.98°±5.81°. The swelling ratio of Col_NFM was approximately 3 folds compared with dry weight sample, while that of Col_FF was just 1 fold. Thus Col_NFM indicated better hydrophilicity and swelling property. SEM and LSM showed that hDPCs on Col_NFM presented an irregular and highly branched phenotype, and could penetrate into the nanofibrous scaffold. In contrast, the cells were spread only on the surface of Col_FF with a spindle-shaped morphology. CCK-8 assays showed that hDPCs on Col_NFM showed higher proliferation rate than on Col_FF. After hDPCs were cultured on the two different collagen scaffolds with odontoblastic medium for 14 days, more expressions of odontoblastic differentiation related genes, such as dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) and dentin matrix proten-1 (DMP1) were determined in Col_NFM group (P<0.05), and more mineralization depositions were also observed in Col_NFM group according to the results of alizarin red staining.@*CONCLUSION@#Col_NFM with nanoscale microstructure achieves better hydrophilic and swelling properties than Col_FF, and hDPCs cultured with Col_NFM present higher activity on cell adhesion, proliferation and odontoblastic differentiation.

WANG Dao-kun's Experience in Application of Dunhuang Ancient Medical Prescription Dabupi Decoction into the Treatment of Gastric Stuffiness / 中国中医药信息杂志

Dunhuang medicine is a branch of Dunhuang studies, including the characteristics of Dunhuang ancient medical prescriptions and treatment technique.Dunhuang Dabupi Decoction has good efficacy in nourishing vitality and yin and promoting the production of body fluid. Professor WANG Dao-kun used the prescription to treat gastric stuffiness, gaining significant curative effect. This article summaried cases of using this prescription, to show the advantages of Dunhuang ancient medical prescription Dabupi Decoction for present use.

13,14-EpDPE dilates coronary arterioles in rats by activating BK channels / 医学研究生学报

Objective The mechanisms of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) protecting the cardiovascular system have not yet been clarified. This study was to investigate the vasorelaxative effect of 13,14-epoxy docosapentaenoic acid (13,14-EpDPE) on coronary arterioles in normal rats and its action mechanisms.Methods We isolated coronary artery smooth muscle cells (CASMCs) from normal rats by enzyme digestion, examined the open probabilities of the large conductance calcium-activated potassium (BK) channels in inside-out single channel configuration in the presence of different concentrations (0, 1, 10 and 100 pmol/L) of 13,14-EpDPE, and recorded the BK currents with the patch clamp in whole cell configuration. Then we assessed the coronary arterial relaxation by measuring dilatory responses to 13,14-EpDPE in pre-contracted tissues with or without pre-treatment with iberiotoxin.Results In the presence of 0, 1, 10 and 100 pmol/L of 13,14-EpDPE, the open probabilities of the BK channels were 0.25±0.03, 0.34±0.03, 0.44±0.06 and 0.85±0.16 (n=6), respectively, significantly increased at 100 pmol/L as compared with 0, 1 and 10 pmol/L (P<0.05). The BK channels were activated by 13,14-EpDP in a concentration-dependent manner and its half-effect concentration was (15.94±1.21) pmol/L. The current density was increased from (58.27±16.35) to (95.94±23.00) pA/pF (P=0.002) after 10 pmol/L 13,14-EpDP perfusion when the stimulation voltage was 100 mV. 13,14-EpDPE dilated the isolated coronary arterioles in a dose-dependent manner, and its effects were abolished after pre-treatment with iberiotoxin (100 nM).Conclusion 13,14-EpDPE can dilate coronary arterioles by activating BK channels in CASMCs, which might be one of the mechanisms underlying its protective effect on the cardiovascular system.

Characterization and fungal community of antler dermophytosis in Jilin and Liaoning provinces / 中国人兽共患病学报

Dermophytosis is a common fungal disease that affects fast-growing antlers of sika deer (Cervus nippon)and red deer (Cervus elaphus),causing the so-called 'white-skin antlers'and 'crusted antlers'.Here we described the features of dermophytosis in deer antler observed from 20 affected deer from 8 farms in Jilin and Liaoning province by clinical findings,he-matology,pathological examination and fungal species distribution.The fungal infection in the antlers as indicated by HE stai-ning,affected only epidermis and the dermis layers,with the main lesion of necrosis of the dermis tissue and inflammatory in-filtrate.Hematologic profile suggested the insignificant cell count change of lymphocyte,neutrophil,white blood cell between dermophytosis and healthy deer(n=10).A total of 68 fungi isolates were then recovered from the antlers with dermophytosis, of which 64.7% (44/68)were identified as members within Deuteromycotina,the rest 35.3% (24/68)belonged to the Saccha-romycotina.Notably,the well-known opportunistic pathogen,including species within Trichophyton,Epidermophyton as well as Candida albican,might account for the dermophytosis of deer antler.In conclusion,'white-skin antlers'and 'crusted antlers'are high likely caused by opportunistic fungi.

Repalr of large-segmental femoral defects using lentivirus-mediated bone morphogenetic protein 2/bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells/demineralized bone matrix / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Our research team has confirmed that compared to the adenoviral vector, transfection by lentiviral vector to rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) is more effective that the expression of enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP)/bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) can be persistent for a longer term. But further investigations are needed to explore whether BMSCs transfected with hBMP-2 through lentivirus combined with demineralized bone matrix (DBM) can promote bone defect repair. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of lentivirus-mediated hBMP-2/BMSCs/DBM (LV-hBMP-2/BMSCs/DBM) on the repair of large-segmental femoral defects and to explore the new treatments for large-segmental femoral defects. METHODS: Large-segmental bone defect models were made in the right femur of 48 New Zealand white rabbits by cutting the middle femoral bone and steel plate fixation. Then, animal models were randomly divided into four groups (n=12 per group) and implanted with nothing (control), DBM, hBMP-2/DBM, and LV-hBMP-2/BMSCs/DBM. Three rabbits from each group were sacrificed at 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks after surgery to evaluate the repairing effect of femoral defects through hematoxylin-eosin staining, biomechanical analysis and radiological examination. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: X-ray results revealed that osteotylus formed in all the four groups to different extents, and Lane - Sandhu X-ray scores were ranked as follows: control group < DBM group < hBMP-2/DBM group < LV-hBMP-2/BMSCs/DBM group (P < 0.05). Findings from the three-point bending test showed that the maximum load of the LV-hBMP-2/BMSCs/DBM group was significantly higher than that of the hBMP-2/DBM group, but is still lower than that of the normal femur at 8 and 12 weeks after modeling (P < 0.05). Hematoxylin-eosin staining results revealed that a few trabecular bones arranged disorderedly and a large amount of fibrous tissues in the control group; the DBM scaffold was basically degraded in the DBM group presenting with partially disordered trabecular bones and a large amount of fibrous tissues; the trabecular bones in the bone defect area were basically connected into line to start the shaping of the cortical bone, and recanalization of the medullary cavity was insignificant in the hBMP-2/DBM group; new cortical bone formed in the bone defect area and the medullary cavity was recanalized in the LV-hBMP-2/BMSCs/DBM group. These findings indicate that LV-hBMP-2/BMSCs/DBM can produce a large amount of calluses, promote formation of new cortical bone, and promote bone conduction, bone induction and osteogenesis after implantation into the bone defect; and this material has good repairing effect on large-segmental femoral defects of rabbits.

Clinical effect of Caulis decoction on iron deficiency anemia and the hepcidin iron metabolism

Studies have shown that Chinese herb caulis extract can effectively inhibit the expression of the core regulatory hormone hepcidin in iron metabolism and significantly increase the iron level in the body. On this basis, this paper analyzed clinical efficacy and safety of oral niferex [polysaccharide iron complex] combined with caulis Decoction in the treatment of iron deficiency anemia. The results showed that the recovery rate of the Caulis group, Niferex group and the combined treatment group were 41.6%, 46.6% and 58.3% respectively. The difference of recovery rate was statistically significant. The RBC, Hb, Hct, SI, SF, Tf, TIBC and serum Hepcidin in the combined treatment group were

significantly higher than those in the other groups [P<0.05]. Caulis group has 3 cases of gastrointestinal symptoms, and the incidence of adverse reactions was 5%. Chinese medicine caulis can significantly improve erythrocyte count,

hemoglobin, hematocrit and related iron metabolism, but the improvement of the combined treatment group is more obvious. In conclusion, Chinese medicine caulis can significantly improves the clinical symptoms and iron metabolism

in patients with iron deficiency anemia, combined oral niferex therapy has better effect

Chemical Constituents from Liparis japonica / 中国药学杂志

OBJECTIVE: To study the chemical constituents of the whole herb of Liparis japonica. METHODS: The compounds were isolated by column chromatography on silica gel, ODS and Sephadex LH-20 columns. Their structures were identified by analysis of physical and spectroscopic data and confirmed by comparison of their spectral data with those in the literature. RESULTS: Eighteen compounds were isolated and identified respectively as acortatarin A (1), 3β-hydroxy-5α, 8α-epidioxyergosta-6, 22-diene (2), 13-epicupressic acid (3), 3β-hydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid (4), betulinic acid (5), gigantol (6), (2S)-3-O-octadeca-9Z, 12Z, 15Z-trienoylglyceryl-O-β-D-galactopyranoside (7), linolenic acid(8), hydroxydihydrobovolide(5-hydroxyl-3, 4-dimethy-5-penty-12(5H)-furanone)(9), trans-p-hydroxycinnamic acid (10), (+)-syringaresinol (11), β-sitosterol (12), hircinol (13), nudol (14), moscatin (15), batatasin III (16), linoleic acid (17), and p-hydroxybenzaldehyde (18). CONCLUSION: We obtained structurally unique spiroalkaloid with morphine structure from the genus Liparis. Compounds 2-11 are isolated for the first time from this genus for the first time.

Construction and identification of recombinant rBCG-Rv2029c vaccine of Mycobacterium tuberculosis / 中国人兽共患病学报

We constructed a recombinant vaccine of Mycobacterium tuberculosis rBCG-Rv2029c,and then identified it.Rv2029c antigen encoding gene was amplified by PCR.The enzyme digestion products were ligated into rpMV261-2029c recombinant plasmid,after double digestion of Rv2029c and pmv261 vector,and then we introduced the plasmid into BCG to construct rBCG-Rv2029c recombinant vaccine by electroporation method.Finally,we analyzed the expression of the recombinant protein by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting.A total of 1 020 bp Rv2029c gene successfully amplified by PCR was inserted into the plasmid pmv261,then the fusion gene was successfully transduced into BCG.After identified by double enzyme digestion,confirmed by gene alignment and by thermally induced with Western blotting,the recombinant protein had a free primary.The recombinant live vaccine of M.tuberculosis rBCG-Rv2029c is successfully constructed,which lay a foundation for the study of the immune mechanism of recombinant vaccine.